Luminescent metal nanoclusters are expected to exhibit unique physical properties in the cluster structure depending on the ligand structure, metal type, number of nuclei and arrangement. In this study, carbon-centered gold-silver (CAu₆Ag₂) clusters with N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands were designed and synthesized, and it was found that these clusters emit strong phosphorescence in solution, and the contribution of NHC ligands to phosphorescence emission was revealed by theoretical calculation. The luminescence rate constant was calculated by an analysis including spin-orbit interactions, and the quantum yield was discussed in terms of the energy barrier to the minimum energy crossing point. Furthermore, the phosphorescent gold-silver clusters with long luminescence lifetime were used for cellular imaging, which revealed the pathway of uptake into the cell and selective localization to specific organelles, confirming their superior functionality, which is different from the non-selective uptake of conventional phosphine ligands.
Z. Lei, M. Endo, H. Ube, T. Shiraogawa, P. Zhao, K. Nagata, X.-L. Pei, T. Eguchi, T. Kamachi, M. Ehara, T. Ozawa, M. Shionoya Nature Commun. 13, 4288-1-9 (2022).

Functional dynamics plays an important role when biomolecular machines fulfill their functions. For example, transporter proteins transport their substrates across the membrane by changing their conformation between inward-open and outward-open conformations. Although it is difficult to directly simulate millisecond functional time of these biomolecular machines whose total atoms amount to several hundred thousand, we use techniques such as metadynamics or transition path sampling to uncover molecular mechanism of the functioning moments.

K. Okazaki, D. Wöhlert, J. Warnau, H. Jung, Ö. Yildiz, W. Kühlbrandt and G. Hummer, Nat. Commun. 10, 1742 (2019)